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Al Borg Diagnostics
Diabetes Mellitus
What is Diabetes?
DM is a state of chronic hyperglycemia due to defect in insulin secretion and or its action . The chronic hyperglycemia of DM is associated with long-term damage of various organs.
What are the risk factors of DM?
- Age over 45 years old.
- Prediabetes.
- Obesity or over weight
- Family history of DM
- Hypertension or Heart disease
- Hyperlipidemia
What are the common symptoms of Diabetes?
- Frequent urination
- Constant thirst
- Feeling hungry
- Unplanned weight loss
- Feeling tired
- Nausea
- Numbness in hands or feet
- Blurry vision
- Frequent infections
What are the types of DM?
- Type 1 Diabetes (Insulin-dependent diabetes)
- Type 2 Diabetes (Non-insulin dependent Diabetes)
- Gestational DM.
- Other types.
What are Laboratory diagnosis of DM?
- If Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL .
- If Random blood glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL .
- If Glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% .
Other Laboratory tests for DM:
- Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT).
- Microalbuminuria.
- Kidney functions (creatinine).
- lipids (HDL).
- Insulin & C-peptide.
- Urine analysis for Ketones.
What are the complications of Diabetes?
- Stroke.
- Heart Disease.
- Diabetic Retinopathy.
- Diabetic Nephropathy.
- Diabetic neuropathy.
- Erectile dysfunction.
- Infection.
What should I do if I have diabetes?
- Eat Healthy
- Do Exercise
- Take Medication
- Quit smoking.
- Check your blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure, cholesterol, eyes, feet and teeth.
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